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鈦(tai)合金(jin)鍛造變(bian)形(xing)程度對鈦(tai)合金(jin)鍛件的組織和力學性(xing)能有哪些(xie)影響?

發布時間：2021-07-09 11:49:09 丨 瀏覽次數：

　　變(bian)(bian)形(xing)程度(du)(du)與變(bian)(bian)形(xing)溫(wen)度(du)(du)對鈦(tai)(tai)合(he)(he)金鍛(duan)件組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)力(li)學性(xing)能的影響是相(xiang)互作用的鈦(tai)(tai)合(he)(he)金變(bian)(bian)形(xing)程度(du)(du)對高(gao)低倍組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有重要的影響,變(bian)(bian)形(xing)程度(du)(du)大(da)于30%~40%時(shi),鈦(tai)(tai)合(he)(he)金組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明顯出現(xian)細(xi)化(hua)。為使粗晶針狀組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)充分細(xi)化(hua)并(bing)轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)為球狀組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),變(bian)(bian)形(xing)溫(wen)度(du)(du)必(bi)須控制在兩相(xiang)區內(nei),而且(qie)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)程度(du)(du)應(ying)不小(xiao)于60%~70%。變(bian)(bian)形(xing)程度(du)(du)大(da)小(xiao)應(ying)保(bao)證形(xing)成介于針狀和(he)等軸狀組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之間的中間組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。在高(gao)于B轉(zhuan)變(bian)(bian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)下進行(xing)塑性(xing)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)程度(du)(du)也(ye)要足夠大(da),才能有效(xiao)地細(xi)化(hua)B晶粒。并(bing)且(qie),變(bian)(bian)形(xing)溫(wen)度(du)(du)越(yue)高(gao),所需(xu)的變(bian)(bian)形(xing)程度(du)(du)也(ye)越(yue)大(da)。

　　如果合金(jin)在(zai)B相(xiang)區(qu)(qu)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)之(zhi)前先(xian)在(zai)(a+B)相(xiang)區(qu)(qu)進行塑性變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing),在(zai)B相(xiang)區(qu)(qu)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)時(shi),只要(yao)在(zai)不(bu)太(tai)大的變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(30%~40%)下便可(ke)以(yi)使組織得(de)到(dao)細化。其原因在(zai)于,經過(a+B)相(xiang)區(qu)(qu)鍛造的合金(jin)儲備(bei)了充分的變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)能和更多的位錯,再在(zai)B相(xiang)區(qu)(qu)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)時(shi),發生一次再結品,使得(de)在(zai)阝相(xiang)區(qu)(qu)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)對合金(jin)的晶粒細化更為有效。

　　但是(shi),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)B轉變(bian)(bian)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)以上(shang)鍛(duan)(duan)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)模鍛(duan)(duan)件中,往(wang)往(wang)達不到(dao)上(shang)述細化晶(jing)(jing)粒的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果。原因在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于模鍛(duan)(duan)件尺寸(cun)大(da),金(jin)屬在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)B相(xiang)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)下(xia)停留的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間長(chang)。特(te)別(bie)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)模鍛(duan)(duan)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)難變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)區(qu)內,一般都出現(xian)粗晶(jing)(jing)組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),因為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)些(xie)部位(wei)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)小(xiao),沒有(you)產生一次再結晶(jing)(jing)(B晶(jing)(jing)粒再結晶(jing)(jing)),而原晶(jing)(jing)粒卻發生劇烈長(chang)大(da)。變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)改變(bian)(bian)不僅(jin)影(ying)響(xiang)到(dao)晶(jing)(jing)粒度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du),而且也對晶(jing)(jing)內針狀(zhuang)(片狀(zhuang))組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)影(ying)響(xiang),變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)增(zeng)大(da)會(hui)使晶(jing)(jing)內組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得到(dao)細化。與變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)一樣,變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)影(ying)響(xiang)最明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(a+B)相(xiang)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)下(xia),因為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)a相(xiang)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai),而a相(xiang)經受(shou)了塑(su)性變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(a+B)相(xiang)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)下(xia),變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化,對力學性能,尤(you)其塑(su)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)要比在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)單相(xiang)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)更為(wei)(wei)顯著。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)B相(xiang)區(qu)塑(su)性變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)時(shi)(shi)(shi),變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高會(hui)使變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)對力學性能的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)減小(xiao)。例如,TC6合金(jin)鑄(zhu)(zhu)錠在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)高于B轉變(bian)(bian)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(1050℃)鍛(duan)(duan)造(zao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),隨著變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)大(da),低倍組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)逐漸(jian)變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)細化:變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)15%時(shi)(shi)(shi),鑄(zhu)(zhu)態組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未破碎;變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)30%時(shi)(shi)(shi),鑄(zhu)(zhu)態組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輕微破碎,略(lve)呈(cheng)纖(xian)維狀(zhuang);變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)60%時(shi)(shi)(shi),呈(cheng)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)纖(xian)維狀(zhuang),但還留有(you)較(jiao)清晰的(de)(de)(de)(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)態組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);當變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)程度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)增(zeng)大(da)至(zhi)80%時(shi)(shi)(shi),呈(cheng)細小(xiao)纖(xian)維狀(zhuang)組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),但仍留有(you)鑄(zhu)(zhu)態組(zu)(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)痕跡。